An article recently appeared in an Israeli news source concerning the pope’s new found pact with Islam. This article noted that “In 2008, the Vatican promoted “Love of God, Love of Neighbor,” the first three-day forum with Islamic leaders.” Sadly, this is not an endeavor limited to the Catholic church. Others, including evangelicals, have been deceived by this movement.
Love of God and love of neighbor are the central themes around which 138 Islamic scholars wrote a lengthy letter and distributed it to the most prominent Christian leaders world wide. The letter is known as the “Common Word” letter. It is very deceptive and must be understood for what it is – an invitation to Islam.
BACKGROUND
In October 2007, 138 Islamic scholars from multiple sects issued a carefully worded letter to Christian leaders. The letter received a significant amount of media attention: The New York Times printed the letter in its entirety on a full-page advertisement format. Fox News ran a story which can be seen here. The full text of the letter can be read here. An entire website has been devoted to the topic.
In essence, the letter purports to be an invitation for Christian and Muslims to ‘come together’ and focus on the common bonds of the two faiths: Love of God and love of neighbor. In reality though, the letter is much more sinister.
THEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The verse from the Quran which forms the basis of the letter is Sura 3:64, which says, “Say: O People of the Book. Come to a common word between us and you; that we shall worship none but God, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and none shall take others as Lords besides God..”
According to Islamic theology, the proper way to interpret the true meaning of any verse in the Quran is to refer to the ‘occasion of revelation.’ In other words, the real meaning of any verse can only be discerned by understanding the situation in which Muhammad found himself when that particular verse of the Quran was given to him (or invented by him!).
Sura 3:64 was revealed to (or invented by) Muhammad when he wrote a letter to Heraclius, emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 610 to 641 AD. We find the account detailed in the hadith of Sahih Muslim, book 19 (Kitab al-Jihad Wa’l-Siyar), chapter 728, hadith number 4380, which states:
From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, to Hiraql, the Emperor of the Romans. Peace be upon him who follows the guidance. After this, I extend to you the invitation to accept Islam. Embrace Islam and you will be safe. Accept Islam, God will give you double the reward. And if you turn away, upon you will be the sin of your subjects.” O People of the Book, come to the word that is common between us that we should worship none other than Allah, should not ascribe any partner to Him and some of us should not take their fellows as Lords other than Allah. If they turn away, you should say that we testify to our being Muslims…
Take note: Sura 3:64 is tied directly to an invitation to Heraclius to accept Islam, and if he does so he will be safe. Conversely, if he does not accept the invitation, Muhammad’s army is free to force the issue by way of violence (note, this hadith is recorded in the book of Jihad). Historically then, the verse is tied directly to an invitation to embrace Islam or face the battles of jihad! This is how Muslims world wide interpret this verse.
We find the same tradition recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari, volume 4, book 52 (the book of Jihad), hadith number 191:
“In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraculius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the peasants (i.e. your nation). O people of the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship. None but Allah, and that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto Him)..
The intent and meaning of this verse is clearly an invitation to Islam. Yet sadly, many Christian leaders, including the pope and prominent evangelical Christian leaders accepted the letter and added their signature of endorsement!
ANALYSIS
I will not offer an extensive analysis here, for much has already been written on the matter. I personally collaborated, along with several others, in forming a critical analysis which was subsequently published by Dr. Mark Durie, and which can be read here.
In summary, Dr. Durie says of the letter:
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The letter presupposes that Christians and Muslims worship the same God.
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It has the appearance of being an exercise in da‘wa or Islamic proselytism.
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The letter uses a ‘bait and switch’ tactic whereby Christians are invited to agree with Muslims on loving God and loving one’s neighbour, but this is exchanged by the end of the letter for an invitation to agree on tawhid, the Islamic understanding of the unity of Allah. In effect, Christians are being asked to accept Islamic monotheism as the foundation for interfaith dialogue and peaceful relationships.
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However Islamic monotheism explicitly denies the incarnation, and is incompatible with other aspects of Christian belief.
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This letter appears to be an attempt to Islamicize Christian-Muslim dialogue. True dialogue can only proceed by respecting the integrity of the other’s position.
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The letter misleadingly offers the Islamic Jesus (Isa) as evidence of Muslims’ good will towards Christians.
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The letter overlooks calls in the Qur’an to fight Christians, and the reality of human rights abuses against Christians in so many Muslim countries.
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The discussion of ‘love thy neighbour’ is particularly weak. In Islam, calls to do good for one’s neighbour are traditionally taken to refer to one’s Muslim neighbour only.
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The letter makes no reference to God’s love for humankind as a whole.
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Crucial verses are cited without acknowledging traditional anti-Christian interpretations. For example:
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the ‘common word’ theme verse of the letter (Sura 3:64) is associated with a declaration of war against the Byzantines, and is part of an anti-Christian polemic in the Qur’an,
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the Sura Al-Fatihah is presented as the ‘greatest chapter’ in the Qur’an, but this chapter denounces Christians as those who have been ‘led astray’,
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verses which are cited as ones which speak well of Christians (Sura 3:113-115) are traditionally understood to refer to converts to Islam,
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the important Sura 112 – the Islamic Shema – is cited only in part, omitting the verses which denounce Trinitarian faith.
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- The letter’s warnings of conflict if the invitation is not accepted could be read as a threat. This is unfortunate. Christians should be wary of accepting the presuppositions behind these warnings.
I normally stay away from politics on this website, since I risk running afoul of the IRS for our 501(c)(3) exemption. But his speech yesterday at the White House, in honor of Ramadan, cannot go unchallenged. I have written about this topic before, as have others. I am reposting here the comments by Hugh Fitzgerald of Jihad Watch about Obama's gross mischaracterization of the "first Iftar dinner" hosted by Thomas Jefferson. No such dinner ever took place in honor of Ramadan. The article below courtesy of Jihad Watch:
"The first Muslim ambassador to the United States, from Tunisia, was hosted by President Jefferson, who arranged a sunset dinner for his guest because it was Ramadan --- making it the first known iftar at the White House, more than 200 years ago." -- Barack Obama, speaking on August 14, 2010, at the "Annual Iftar Dinner" at the White House
Really? Is that what happened? Was there a "first known iftar at the White House" given by none other than President Thomas Jefferson for the "first Muslim ambassador to the United States"? That's what Barack Obama and his dutiful speechwriters told the Muslims in attendance at the 2010 "Annual Iftar Dinner," knowing full well that the remarks would be published for all to see.
Continuing my dialog with a Muslim man in the UK. See part 1 here and part 2 here.
5) Why do you believe in a book that has been changed many many times and has so many contradictions,absurdities, and scientific errors.
Changed? Contradictions? Absurdities? Scientific errors? You must be talking about the Qur'an. But before I go there, I will address your question.
Changed many times? Again you did not define what you mean, so I must make an assumption of what you mean. I assume you mean the standard line given by most Muslims, that we have many "versions" of the Bible. After all, you are want to quote Ahmed Deedat and this was his line of argumentation. So I assume it to be yours as well. "Christians have the King James Version, the American Standard Version, the New King James Version, the New American Standard Version, the Revised Standard Version," ad nauseum....
These are not 'changes' to the Bible but simply new translations to bring the understanding of the text into modern usage. The common meaning and definition of words changes over time in any language - Arabic as well, which is why many of the brightest Islamic scholars do not understand the meaning of literally hundreds of words in the Qur'an because the classical Arabic of the Qur'an is a lost language. But I digress. For example, 80 years ago in American colloquialism, the word 'faggot' meant the butt end of a cigarette. Today the word is a pejorative term for a homosexual. Nobody today speaks the "Kings English" of the time of King James, using words like 'thee' and 'thou' and 'thine.'
Continuation of my dialog with a Muslim man in the UK. For part one see here.
You said:
6 Trinity
How on earth can 3 Gods be 1.Not even in your mind can you put these the different personalities into 1. It would have made some sense if you had said that you believe in 3 Gods.
Another Deedat-ism, I see. The idea that Christians worship three Gods suggests another defect in the Qur'an, for no Christian has ever held to the belief in three Gods, so how did the author of the Qur'an make such a blatant error again?
It would be illogical if Christians said we worship three gods as one god. It would likewise be illogical if we said we worship three persons as one person. A god or a person cannot be both three and one at the same time and in the same sense. Such a notion would violate the Law of Non-Contradiction.
But neither example defines the concept of the trinity. The trinity is defined as three PERSONS in one GOD. No contradiction, no violation of the law of non-contradiction. To say such a notion is illogical would be akin to saying it is illogical to think of humans as composed of body, soul, and spirit. Are you three persons in one person as body, soul, and spirit? If this does not rise to the level of a contradiction, then neither does the Christian definition of the trinity.
Recently I was engaged in a lengthy discussion via email with a Muslim man from the UK. He began the exchange by posting a comment to a video I had uploaded to YouTube. I won’t bore you with the initial conversation, but he was basically challenging me regarding the context of several violent verses in the Qur’an. He had no idea of my knowledge in this area, but when he realized I had some knowledge of Islam and the Qur’an and could back up what I said, his demeanor suddenly took a turn toward respect, rather than belittling me like he attempted in the beginning.
What I found interesting are the arguments he used to attempt to discredit Christianity. One of his first responses back to me was a whole laundry list of supposed errors or contradictions or inconsistencies in the Bible. It is these I want to focus on in this article. Since these are the same recycled arguments that have been around since the heydays of Ahmed Deedat, and Muslims still use these today, I hope you will find my answers to these helpful in fostering ongoing dialog with Muslims.
JESUS NEVER CLAIMED TO BE GOD
He began the dialog with the following statement:
If you want the truth, then pray to be guided to it. It is time to follow Jesus Christ peace be upon him and not the religion of Paul. Jesus told us to worship God not him. Jesus never claimed to be God. Follow the religion of Adam Abraham, Noah, Jesus and Muhammed peace be upon them all. This religion is Islam.
I responded with the following:
Here is yet another example where Muslims attempt to use a bible verse to disprove the deity of Jesus. They quote John 10:34-36, which reads: "Jesus answered them, "Is it not written in your law, 'I said, You are gods?' If he called them gods to whom the word of God came -- and scripture cannot be broken -- do you say of him whom the Father consecrated and sent into the world, 'You are blaspheming' because I said 'I am the Son of God?'"
Here is the Muslim argument. Jesus claimed to be god, but so what? Other people in the past have also been called gods. Jesus making the claim is nothing new.
Here is the problem. These three verses quoted by Muslims to disprove the deity of Jesus are sandwiched between two other passages, immediately before and after verses 34-36 that prove just the opposite.
In verse 30, Jesus says, "I and the Father are one." Immediately the Jews pick up stones to stone him for claiming to be God.
Jesus then makes the statemement above in verses 34-36, which Muslims say disprove Jesus' deity, after he had just told the Pharisees that He and God were one and the same, and for which they picked up stones to kill him for blasphemy.
Then, in verses 37-38, Jesus says "If I am not doing the works of mu Father, then do not believe me; but if I do them, even though you don't believe me, believe the works, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me and I am in the Father."
If Jesus says the Father is in him, and he is in the Father, how can that be anything other than claiming the He and the Father are one and the same: God alone!
Here is the problem Muslims have. They do not understand what Jesus was saying when they quote veses 34-36. Jesus was not denying his deity; he was affirming it! Essentially he said (paraphrasing), "Others have come who were called gods, so why do you call me a blasphemer when I say I am God? If they were called gods, it is much more appropriate for me to call myself God because the Father consecrated me and sent me!" Essentially, Jesus was saying "I deserve the title, because that's who I am!"
If only Muslims would read the entire context of verses they quote, they would save themselves many embarassing moments.
Muslims go to great lengths to disprove the deity of Jesus Christ. After all, since the Qur'an denies the deity of Jesus, so must every good Muslim, regardless what it takes including scriptural gymnastics. Muslims use the Bible to prove that Jesus was not God, nor did he ever claim to be God. Become aware of these tactics, and confront them vigorously when they are used.
Another Bible verse commonly cited as proof that Jesus was not God is John 5:30. John records the words of Jesus in this verse: "I can do nothing on my own. As I hear, I judge, and my judgement is just, because I seek not my own will but the will of him who sent me."
"You see," a Muslim will say. "God and Jesus are not one and the same." Jesus says he cannot act alone, but only does the will of the one who sent him. God who sent Jesus is different from Jesus himself. Jesus cannot be God, because God is the one who sent him. Therefore, John chapter 5 again disproves the divinity of Jesus.
Remember this important rule of thumb when dealing with anyone who quotes a single verse: Don't build a position on a single verse taken out of context.
Greg Koukl of Stand to Reason wrote a little pamphlet called "Never Read a Bible Verse." It's a catchy little title. "Why on earth would Koukl not want people to read the Bible?" you might ask. His premise is one to remember, especially in cases like the one presented here. Never read a Bible verse in isolation; always read at least a few verses both before and after the one in question. Sometimes read the entire chapter. If Muslims would apply this principle, they would immediately see that John 5:30 does not suggest that Jesus cannot be God. Back up just a little bit within the same chapter.
In John 5 beginning at verse 1 we find the story of a man at the pools of Bethesda, seeking someone to help him get to the waters when they begin to stir, so he can be healed. Jesus heals him on the spot, even though it was the Sabbath. This annoyed the Pharisees and they challenged Jesus. Beginning with verse 16, we read:
"And this was why the Jews were presecuting Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath. But Jesus answered them, 'My Father is working until now, and I am working. This is why the Jews were seeking all the more to kill him, because not only was he breaking the sabbath, but he was calling God his own Father, making himself equal with God."
Did you catch that? Even the Pharisees understood who Jesus was claiming to be; he was claiming to be God! The Pharisees got it. If Muslims today don't get it, that's not a problem with the Bible; its a problem with the Muslims.
In the very chapter Muslims use attempting to prove Jesus was not God, just a few verses earlier he says just the opposite, and the religious leaders clearly understood what he meant.. John 5:30 does prove Jesus was not God, because John 5:17-18 says he was.
Never read a Bible verse.
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